A comprehensive economic assessment of Wales’ historic built environment has demonstrated that heritage assets generate over £738 million annually for the national economy while sustaining almost 18,000 positions throughout the nation.
The independent analysis, conducted by AMION on behalf of Cadw, scrutinised historic structures, collections institutions, green spaces, landscapes and heritage bodies operating across Wales, evaluating both their financial returns and broader societal significance.
The investigation estimated that accredited museums and heritage locations collectively receive in excess of 13 million visitor attendances each year.
The research quantified social returns exceeding £107 million derived from educational programmes, community involvement, voluntary work and visitor engagement.
Welsh heritage organisations benefit from more than 902,000 volunteer hours contributed annually, representing approximately £9.8 million in wellness and wellbeing benefits.
The assessment revealed that residents maintain attachment to historic locations regardless of personal visitation patterns, with many expressing satisfaction that such places are being maintained for posterity.
The investigation highlighted initiatives to broaden accessibility, including Cadw’s reduced admission programme offering £1 entry for Universal Credit claimants, which has drawn numerous newcomers to heritage venues.
The Cabinet Secretary for Culture and Sport, Heledd Fychan, commented that the findings substantiate longstanding convictions regarding the historic environment’s essential role in Wales’ distinctiveness and connectivity.
She stated that this evidence supports positioning heritage alongside other fundamental national infrastructure.
The assessment acknowledges that realising these advantages requires sustained funding and public involvement, with environmental challenges, expertise gaps and maintenance pressures all presenting potential threats to the sector.
Cadw’s Chief Executive, Dr Kate Roberts, observed that the research provides a comprehensive understanding of heritage’s economic significance, emphasising that preservation efforts extend beyond physical structures to encompass employment, community engagement and local historical identity.
The Welsh Government is seeking public consultation this autumn to inform development of its forthcoming Culture and Sport Strategy, establishing a decade-long framework for culture, heritage, artistic sectors, creative industries, athletics and physical wellbeing.
The invitation extends to citizens, localities and institutions to contribute perspectives on these areas.
The investigation employed multiple research techniques, incorporating institutional records, Museum Spotlight Survey 2024 information, consultations with over 40 sector representatives, valuation questionnaires, economic impact analysis and detailed case studies.
Data primarily corresponds to 2024/25, with all financial figures presented at 2026/27 rates.